MA1-40134 detects Lipoteichic Acid from gram positive bacterial samples.

MA1-40134 has been successfully used in Western blot, ELISA, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and Immunohistochemistry (frozen) applications.

Positive control: Culture medium of Gram-positive bacteria. Negative control: Culture medium of eukaryotic cells.

The MA1-40134 immunogen is a microbial mixture of Streptococcus sobrinus HG961, HG962, HG970, and HG977.

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a glycerol phosphate surface polymer component of the envelope of Gram-positive bacteria. LTA is anchored via its glycolipids to the membrane and carries a polysaccharide chain extending into the peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall. LTA is released spontaneously into the culture medium during growth of gram-positive bacteria. LTA functions as an immune activator with characteristics very similar to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria. LTA binds to CD14 and triggers activation predominantly via Toll-like receptor 2. Although LTA is internalized and traffics to the Golgi, the cellular activation in response to LTA occurs at the cell surface.